Blepharospasm is a condition in which there is sustained, forced, involuntary closing of the eyelids. Initial symptoms, cause and treatment are discussed. Available publications are listed.

Article from the Handbook of Ocular Disease Management covers symptoms, pathophysiology and management.

Article from the Handbook of Ocular Disease Management covers symptoms, pathophysiology and management.

Article by Christopher DeBacker, M.D., Associate Staff, Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Tucson, AZ and Robert Dryden, M.D., Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center. Article covers background, treatment, and medication and includes photographs, references and test questions.

Article from the Handbook of Ocular Disease Management. Article covers symptoms, pathophysiology, and managament.

Article by Susan R. Carter, M.D., University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine from American Family Physician June 1998. Artilce includes references and photographs.

Short article includes description, treatment and implications.

Blepharospasm is a common term for conditions that are medically known as Benign Essential Blepharospasm and Essential Blepharospasm. A blepharospasm is defined as ...

Article by Anselm J nemann, Department of Ophthalmology of University of Erlangen-N rnberg from the Online Journal of Opthalmology.

Styes more commonly occur in the upper lid near the lid margin and eyelashes, but can be found in the lower lid as well. Chalazions are most often caused by an accumulation of meibomian gland secretions resulting from a blockage of the duct.