The American Academy of Periodontology warns that smoking may be one of the most significant risk factors in the development of periodontal disease (periodontitis and gingivitis).
www.perio.org/consumer/smoking.htm
UICC GLOBALink Presents... The Tobacco Reference Guide by David Moyer, MD. Chapter 11 Other health problems tobacco reference guideg (artefact pour Other health problems: Dental Problems globalink (artefact pour saut de ligne) Smokers are up to four times more likely than nonsmokers to develop gum disease. 46% of smokers ages 19 to 30 compared to 12% of nonsmokers had gum disease. Between ages ...
www.globalink.org/tobacco/trg/Chapter11/Chap11_Other_Health_ProblemsPage3.html
Tobacco and Periodontal Diseases Smoking is a major risk factor for periodontal diseases Both current and former smokers have an increased prevalence and severity of periodontal diseases There is a significant positive association between the amount smoked and the severity of periodontitis There is a linear and direct correlation between smoking and attachment loss with effects even at a low ...
www1.umn.edu/perio/tobacco/tobperio.html
Oral Effects of Tobacco Abuse The Maxillofacial Center for Diagnostics & Research Other Links Dr. Bouquot's Work Oral Precancer Oral Cancer Home Page This Topic Introduction Tobacco Use & History Effects on Oral Mucosa Gingival & Bone Damage Damage to Teeth Local Physiology & Microbiology Esthetics Considerations References Figures A papillary squamous cell carcinoma (oral cancer) of the lower ...
www.maxillofacialcenter.com/TobaccoEffects.html
Tobacco Induced & Associated Oral Conditions | General | Effects on Teeth | Other | Possibly associated | Clinical Practice | General Oral Cancer Leukoplakia Other oral mucosal conditions Chronic hyperplastic candidiasis Smoker's palate (nicotine stomatitis) Smoker's melanosis Snuff dipper's lesion Cleft Lip / Cleft Palate Effects on teeth Staining of teeth and restorative materials Abrasion ...
www1.umn.edu/perio/tobacco/diseases.html
According to a study published in the newly released Journal of Periodontology, cigar and pipe smoking may have nearly the same adverse effects on periodontal health and tooth loss as cigarette smoking. Researchers analyzed 705 individuals ranging in age from 21 to 92 years old, and found that 17.6 percent of current or former cigar or pipe smokers had moderate to severe periodontitis nearly ...
www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2001-01/AAoP-Caps-0401101.php