The Pioneer mission consisted of two components, launched separately: an Orbiter and a Multiprobe.

Magellan Mission to Venus The Magellan spacecraft was launched on May 4, 1989, arrived at Venus on August 10, 1990 and was inserted into a near-polar elliptical orbit with a periapsis altitude of 294 km at 9.5 deg. N. Radio contact with Magellan was lost on October 12, 1994. The primary objectives of the Magellan mission were to map the surface of Venus with a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and ...